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* BoneCrackParticles3D - Bone fracture particle effects for brutal combat realism
*
* Displays white/ivory bone fragments when bone-breaking techniques land successfully.
* Supports different fracture types (hairline, compound, shatter) with varying severity.
*
* 골절 입자 효과 (Bone Fracture Particle Effects)
*
* @module BoneCrackParticles3D
*/
import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
import { useFrame } from '@react-three/fiber';
import * as THREE from 'three';
/**
* Fracture types based on Korean martial arts bone-breaking techniques
* 골절 유형
*/
export type FractureType = 'hairline' | 'compound' | 'shatter';
/**
* Bone types that can be fractured in combat
* 골 유형
*/
export type BoneType = 'rib' | 'limb' | 'skull' | 'spine';
/**
* Bone crack particle effect data
* 골절 입자 효과 데이터
*/
export interface BoneCrackEffect {
readonly id: string;
readonly position: [number, number, number];
readonly fractureType: FractureType;
readonly boneType: BoneType;
readonly impactDirection: [number, number, number];
readonly startTime: number;
}
/**
* Props for BoneCrackParticles3D component
*/
export interface BoneCrackParticles3DProps {
readonly effects: readonly BoneCrackEffect[];
readonly enabled?: boolean;
readonly isMobile?: boolean;
readonly onEffectComplete?: (id: string) => void;
}
/**
* Particle instance for bone fragments
*/
interface BoneParticleInstance {
readonly effectId: string;
readonly points: THREE.Points;
readonly velocities: Float32Array;
readonly rotations: Float32Array;
readonly lifetimes: Float32Array;
readonly startTime: number;
}
/**
* Physics constants for bone fragments
*/
const BONE_PHYSICS = {
GRAVITY: -9.8,
AIR_RESISTANCE: 0.96, // Heavier than blood
ROTATION_SPEED: 3.0,
FRAGMENT_SIZE_HAIRLINE: 0.05,
FRAGMENT_SIZE_COMPOUND: 0.08,
FRAGMENT_SIZE_SHATTER: 0.12,
LIFETIME_ACTIVE: 2.0, // Fragments fall for 2s
LIFETIME_GROUND: 8.0, // Persist on ground for 8s
MAX_DELTA: 1 / 30,
} as const;
/**
* Particle counts based on fracture severity
*/
const PARTICLE_COUNTS = {
hairline: { desktop: 15, mobile: 8 },
compound: { desktop: 35, mobile: 18 },
shatter: { desktop: 60, mobile: 30 },
} as const;
/**
* Get particle count based on fracture type and device
*/
function getParticleCount(
fractureType: FractureType,
isMobile: boolean
): number {
const counts = PARTICLE_COUNTS[fractureType];
return isMobile ? counts.mobile : counts.desktop;
}
/**
* Get fragment size based on fracture type
*/
function getFragmentSize(fractureType: FractureType): number {
switch (fractureType) {
case 'hairline':
return BONE_PHYSICS.FRAGMENT_SIZE_HAIRLINE;
case 'compound':
return BONE_PHYSICS.FRAGMENT_SIZE_COMPOUND;
case 'shatter':
return BONE_PHYSICS.FRAGMENT_SIZE_SHATTER;
}
}
/**
* Get velocity spread based on fracture type
*/
function getVelocitySpread(fractureType: FractureType): number {
switch (fractureType) {
case 'hairline':
return 1.0; // Minimal spread
case 'compound':
return 2.5; // Moderate spread
case 'shatter':
return 4.5; // Wide explosion
}
}
/**
* BoneCrackParticles3D - Renders bone fracture particle effects
*
* Features:
* - Angular white/ivory fragments with realistic physics
* - Three fracture types: hairline, compound, shatter
* - Slower fall rate than blood (heavier fragments)
* - Ground persistence (8 seconds)
* - Mobile optimization (50% particle reduction)
*
* 기능:
* - 현실적인 물리 법칙을 가진 각진 흰색/상아색 파편
* - 세 가지 골절 유형: 미세, 복합, 분쇄
* - 혈액보다 느린 낙하 속도 (무거운 파편)
* - 바닥 지속성 (8초)
* - 모바일 최적화 (입자 50% 감소)
*/
export const BoneCrackParticles3D: React.FC<BoneCrackParticles3DProps> = ({
effects,
enabled = true,
isMobile = false,
onEffectComplete,
}) => {
const [particleInstances, setParticleInstances] = useState<
Map<string, BoneParticleInstance>
>(new Map());
// Create particle instances for new effects
useEffect(() => {
if (!enabled) return;
effects.forEach((effect) => {
if (!particleInstances.has(effect.id)) {
const particleCount = getParticleCount(effect.fractureType, isMobile);
const fragmentSize = getFragmentSize(effect.fractureType);
const velocitySpread = getVelocitySpread(effect.fractureType);
// Create positions buffer
const positions = new Float32Array(particleCount * 3);
const velocities = new Float32Array(particleCount * 3);
const rotations = new Float32Array(particleCount * 3);
const lifetimes = new Float32Array(particleCount);
// Initialize particles at impact position
for (let i = 0; i < particleCount; i++) {
const i3 = i * 3;
// Start at impact position
positions[i3] = effect.position[0];
positions[i3 + 1] = effect.position[1];
positions[i3 + 2] = effect.position[2];
// Velocity: explosion pattern based on impact direction
const angle = (Math.PI * 2 * i) / particleCount;
const elevation = Math.random() * Math.PI * 0.5; // 0-90 degrees
const speed = Math.random() * velocitySpread + 1.0;
velocities[i3] =
effect.impactDirection[0] +
Math.cos(angle) * Math.cos(elevation) * speed;
velocities[i3 + 1] = Math.sin(elevation) * speed + 1.0; // Upward bias
velocities[i3 + 2] =
effect.impactDirection[2] +
Math.sin(angle) * Math.cos(elevation) * speed;
// Random rotation velocities for tumbling
rotations[i3] = (Math.random() - 0.5) * BONE_PHYSICS.ROTATION_SPEED;
rotations[i3 + 1] =
(Math.random() - 0.5) * BONE_PHYSICS.ROTATION_SPEED;
rotations[i3 + 2] =
(Math.random() - 0.5) * BONE_PHYSICS.ROTATION_SPEED;
// Lifetime (active + ground persistence)
lifetimes[i] =
BONE_PHYSICS.LIFETIME_ACTIVE + BONE_PHYSICS.LIFETIME_GROUND;
}
// Create geometry
const geometry = new THREE.BufferGeometry();
geometry.setAttribute(
'position',
new THREE.BufferAttribute(positions, 3)
);
// White/ivory material for bone fragments
const material = new THREE.PointsMaterial({
color: 0xf5f5dc, // Ivory/bone color
size: fragmentSize,
sizeAttenuation: true,
transparent: true,
opacity: 1.0,
blending: THREE.NormalBlending,
depthWrite: false,
});
const points = new THREE.Points(geometry, material);
const instance: BoneParticleInstance = {
effectId: effect.id,
points,
velocities,
rotations,
lifetimes,
startTime: effect.startTime,
};
setParticleInstances((prev) => new Map(prev).set(effect.id, instance));
}
});
}, [effects, enabled, isMobile, particleInstances]);
// Animate bone fragments with physics
useFrame((_state, delta) => {
if (!enabled) return;
const safeDelta = Math.min(delta, BONE_PHYSICS.MAX_DELTA);
const currentTime = Date.now();
particleInstances.forEach((instance, effectId) => {
const positions = instance.points.geometry.attributes.position
.array as Float32Array;
const particleCount = positions.length / 3;
let allExpired = true;
for (let i = 0; i < particleCount; i++) {
const i3 = i * 3;
const lifetime = instance.lifetimes[i];
if (lifetime > 0) {
allExpired = false;
const elapsed =
(currentTime - instance.startTime) / 1000 - i * 0.01; // Stagger
// Active falling phase
if (elapsed < BONE_PHYSICS.LIFETIME_ACTIVE) {
// Apply velocity
positions[i3] += instance.velocities[i3] * safeDelta;
positions[i3 + 1] += instance.velocities[i3 + 1] * safeDelta;
positions[i3 + 2] += instance.velocities[i3 + 2] * safeDelta;
// Apply gravity
instance.velocities[i3 + 1] += BONE_PHYSICS.GRAVITY * safeDelta;
// Apply air resistance
instance.velocities[i3] *= BONE_PHYSICS.AIR_RESISTANCE;
instance.velocities[i3 + 1] *= BONE_PHYSICS.AIR_RESISTANCE;
instance.velocities[i3 + 2] *= BONE_PHYSICS.AIR_RESISTANCE;
// Ground collision
if (positions[i3 + 1] <= 0) {
positions[i3 + 1] = 0;
instance.velocities[i3 + 1] = 0;
instance.velocities[i3] *= 0.3; // Bounce damping
instance.velocities[i3 + 2] *= 0.3;
}
}
// Ground persistence phase - fragments remain visible
else {
// Ensure fragments stay on ground
if (positions[i3 + 1] > 0) {
positions[i3 + 1] = 0;
}
// Fade out in last second
const timeRemaining = lifetime - elapsed;
if (timeRemaining < 1.0) {
const opacity = timeRemaining;
(instance.points.material as THREE.PointsMaterial).opacity =
opacity;
}
}
// Decrease lifetime
instance.lifetimes[i] -= safeDelta;
}
}
instance.points.geometry.attributes.position.needsUpdate = true;
// Clean up expired effect
if (allExpired) {
instance.points.geometry.dispose();
(instance.points.material as THREE.Material).dispose();
setParticleInstances((prev) => {
const next = new Map(prev);
next.delete(effectId);
return next;
});
onEffectComplete?.(effectId);
}
});
});
if (!enabled) return null;
return (
<group>
{Array.from(particleInstances.values()).map((instance) => (
<primitive key={instance.effectId} object={instance.points} />
))}
</group>
);
};
BoneCrackParticles3D.displayName = 'BoneCrackParticles3D';
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