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/**
* InstancedGeometry - Reusable instancing utilities for optimized rendering
*
* Provides helpers and components for GPU instancing to reduce draw calls.
* Especially useful for particles, repeated geometry, and effects.
*
* Features:
* - Instanced particle systems
* - Batch rendering utilities
* - Position/rotation/scale management
* - Color variations per instance
* - Korean-themed effects optimization
*
* Performance Impact:
* - Reduces draw calls from N to 1 per geometry type
* - 50%+ performance improvement for particle-heavy scenes
* - Target: <100 draw calls per frame
*
* @module components/shared/three/optimization/InstancedGeometry
* @category Performance Optimization
* @korean 인스턴스기하학
*/
import { Instances, Instance } from "@react-three/drei";
import React, { useMemo } from "react";
import * as THREE from "three";
/**
* Instance data for a single object
*/
export interface InstanceData {
readonly position: THREE.Vector3 | [number, number, number];
readonly rotation?: THREE.Euler | [number, number, number];
readonly scale?: number | [number, number, number];
readonly color?: THREE.ColorRepresentation;
}
/**
* Props for InstancableSpheres component
*/
export interface InstancableSpheresProps {
/** Array of instance data */
readonly instances: readonly InstanceData[];
/** Sphere radius */
readonly radius?: number;
/** Sphere segments (lower = better performance) */
readonly segments?: number;
/** Base material color */
readonly color?: THREE.ColorRepresentation;
/** Material properties */
readonly materialProps?: Partial<THREE.MeshBasicMaterialParameters>;
}
/**
* Instanced spheres component
*
* Renders multiple spheres with a single draw call.
* Ideal for particles, projectiles, effects.
*
* **Important**: The instances array should be stable (use useMemo).
* Array indices are used as React keys, so adding/removing/reordering
* instances during component lifecycle may cause incorrect rendering.
* If instances need to be dynamic, consider using unique identifiers as keys.
*
* @example
* ```tsx
* const particles = useMemo(() =>
* Array.from({ length: 50 }, (_, i) => ({
* position: [Math.random() * 10 - 5, Math.random() * 10, Math.random() * 10 - 5],
* color: i % 2 === 0 ? 0x00ffff : 0xffd700,
* })),
* []
* );
*
* <InstancableSpheres
* instances={particles}
* radius={0.1}
* segments={8}
* />
* ```
*/
export const InstancableSpheres: React.FC<InstancableSpheresProps> = ({
instances,
radius = 0.1,
segments = 8,
color = 0x00ffff,
materialProps = {},
}) => {
return (
<Instances limit={instances.length}>
<sphereGeometry args={[radius, segments, segments]} />
<meshBasicMaterial color={color} {...materialProps} />
{instances.map((instance, index) => (
<Instance
key={index}
position={instance.position}
rotation={instance.rotation}
scale={instance.scale}
color={instance.color}
/>
))}
</Instances>
);
};
/**
* Props for InstancableBoxes component
*/
export interface InstancableBoxesProps {
/** Array of instance data */
readonly instances: readonly InstanceData[];
/** Box dimensions [width, height, depth] */
readonly size?: [number, number, number];
/** Base material color */
readonly color?: THREE.ColorRepresentation;
/** Material properties */
readonly materialProps?: Partial<THREE.MeshStandardMaterialParameters>;
}
/**
* Instanced boxes component
*
* Renders multiple boxes with a single draw call.
* Useful for environment objects, obstacles, UI elements.
*
* **Important**: The instances array should be stable (use useMemo).
* Array indices are used as React keys, so adding/removing/reordering
* instances during component lifecycle may cause incorrect rendering.
* If instances need to be dynamic, consider using unique identifiers as keys.
*
* @example
* ```tsx
* <InstancableBoxes
* instances={[
* { position: [0, 0, 0], scale: 1 },
* { position: [2, 0, 0], scale: 1.5 },
* ]}
* size={[1, 1, 1]}
* color={0x404040}
* />
* ```
*/
export const InstancableBoxes: React.FC<InstancableBoxesProps> = ({
instances,
size = [1, 1, 1],
color = 0x00ffff,
materialProps = {},
}) => {
return (
<Instances limit={instances.length}>
<boxGeometry args={size} />
<meshStandardMaterial color={color} {...materialProps} />
{instances.map((instance, index) => (
<Instance
key={index}
position={instance.position}
rotation={instance.rotation}
scale={instance.scale}
color={instance.color}
/>
))}
</Instances>
);
};
/**
* Props for InstancableParticles component
*/
export interface InstancableParticlesProps {
/** Particle positions */
readonly positions: readonly (THREE.Vector3 | [number, number, number])[];
/** Particle colors (optional) */
readonly colors?: readonly THREE.ColorRepresentation[];
/** Particle size */
readonly size?: number;
/** Quality level affects particle complexity */
readonly quality?: "high" | "medium" | "low";
/** Base particle color */
readonly baseColor?: THREE.ColorRepresentation;
}
/**
* Optimized instanced particles
*
* High-performance particle system using instancing.
* Quality parameter adjusts geometry complexity.
*
* **Important**: The positions array should be stable (use useMemo).
* Array indices are used as React keys, so adding/removing/reordering
* particles during component lifecycle may cause incorrect rendering.
* If particles need to be dynamic, consider using unique identifiers as keys.
*
* @example
* ```tsx
* const positions = useMemo(() =>
* Array.from({ length: 100 }, () => [
* Math.random() * 10 - 5,
* Math.random() * 5,
* Math.random() * 10 - 5,
* ]),
* []
* );
*
* <InstancableParticles
* positions={positions}
* size={0.1}
* quality="medium"
* baseColor={0x00ffff}
* />
* ```
*/
export const InstancableParticles: React.FC<InstancableParticlesProps> = ({
positions,
colors,
size = 0.1,
quality = "medium",
baseColor = 0x00ffff,
}) => {
// Adjust geometry complexity based on quality
const segments = useMemo(() => {
switch (quality) {
case "high":
return 16;
case "medium":
return 8;
case "low":
return 4;
default:
return 8;
}
}, [quality]);
const instances = useMemo(
() =>
positions.map((position, index) => ({
position,
color: colors?.[index] ?? baseColor,
scale: size,
})),
[positions, colors, baseColor, size],
);
return (
<Instances limit={positions.length}>
<sphereGeometry args={[1, segments, segments]} />
<meshBasicMaterial transparent opacity={0.8} />
{instances.map((instance, index) => (
<Instance
key={index}
position={instance.position}
scale={instance.scale}
color={instance.color}
/>
))}
</Instances>
);
};
/**
* Calculate optimal instance limit based on performance tier
*
* @param baseLimit - Ideal instance count
* @param isMobile - Whether device is mobile
* @returns Adjusted instance limit
*/
export function getOptimalInstanceLimit(
baseLimit: number,
isMobile: boolean,
): number {
if (isMobile) {
// 50% reduction on mobile
return Math.floor(baseLimit * 0.5);
}
return baseLimit;
}
/**
* Batch instance data into chunks for efficient rendering
*
* @param instances - Array of instance data
* @param batchSize - Maximum instances per batch
* @returns Array of batched instances
*/
export function batchInstances<T>(
instances: readonly T[],
batchSize: number,
): T[][] {
const batches: T[][] = [];
for (let i = 0; i < instances.length; i += batchSize) {
batches.push(instances.slice(i, i + batchSize) as T[]);
}
return batches;
}
/**
* Create instance data from positions array
*
* @param positions - Array of positions
* @param options - Optional instance properties
* @returns Array of instance data
*/
export function createInstancesFromPositions(
positions: readonly (THREE.Vector3 | [number, number, number])[],
options: {
color?: THREE.ColorRepresentation;
scale?: number | [number, number, number];
rotation?: THREE.Euler | [number, number, number];
} = {},
): InstanceData[] {
return positions.map((position) => ({
position,
color: options.color,
scale: options.scale,
rotation: options.rotation,
}));
}
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