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* Bone-attached clothing system for realistic clothing movement with skeleton
*
* **Enhanced Features (v0.6.23+)**:
* - **Subsurface Scattering**: Realistic fabric translucency with light transmission
* - **Physical Materials**: Advanced PBR materials with clearcoat and reflectivity
* - **Body Thickness Scaling**: Accurate clothing sizing based on muscle/fat mass
* - **Archetype Styling**: Unique clothing sets for all 5 player archetypes
*
* Clothing is rendered as children of their parent bones, inheriting bone
* transformations automatically for proper movement during animation.
* This mirrors the BoneMuscles approach for consistent rendering.
*
* **Visual Quality**:
* - Transmission: 0.05 (minimal light passing through fabric)
* - Thickness: 0.2 (thin fabric simulation)
* - IOR: 1.4 (realistic fabric index of refraction)
* - Clearcoat: 0.3 (surface depth and sheen)
* - Double-sided rendering for cloth folding
*
* **Performance**:
* - Geometry disposal on unmount (prevents memory leaks)
* - Material cleanup system
* - Optimized attachment calculations with useMemo
*
* @module components/three/BoneClothing
* @category 3D Components
* @korean 뼈부착의류시스템
*/
import React, { useEffect, useMemo } from "react";
import * as THREE from "three";
import {
BICEP_RADIUS,
CALF_RADIUS,
CLOTHING_THICKNESS_FITTED,
CORE_RADIUS,
FOREARM_RADIUS,
PECTORALS_RADIUS,
QUAD_RADIUS,
calculateClothingRadius,
} from "../../../../constants/bodyDimensions";
import { getArchetypeClothing } from "../../../../data/archetypeClothing";
import type {
ClothingItem,
ClothingMaterial,
} from "../../../../types/clothing";
import type { PlayerArchetype } from "../../../../types/common";
import {
FABRIC_PRESETS,
generateFabricTextureSet,
type FabricTextureSet,
} from "../../../../utils/fabricTextures";
/**
* Clothing attachment configuration for a bone
*
* Defines how clothing is positioned relative to its parent bone.
* Position is in local bone space, so clothing moves with the bone.
*
* @korean 의류부착설정
*/
export interface ClothingAttachment {
/** Geometry for this clothing piece */
readonly geometry: THREE.BufferGeometry;
/** Local position offset from bone origin */
readonly localOffset: THREE.Vector3;
/** Local rotation relative to bone */
readonly localRotation: THREE.Euler;
/** Color of the clothing */
readonly color: number;
/** Emissive color for glow effects */
readonly emissiveColor?: number;
/** Emissive intensity */
readonly emissiveIntensity?: number;
/** Metalness for material */
readonly metalness?: number;
/** Roughness for material */
readonly roughness?: number;
/** Clothing item ID */
readonly itemId: string;
}
/**
* Props for BoneClothing component
*/
export interface BoneClothingProps {
/** Name of the bone this clothing attaches to */
readonly boneName: string;
/** Player archetype for clothing style */
readonly archetype: PlayerArchetype;
/** Physical attributes for sizing */
readonly physicalAttributes?: {
readonly muscleMass: number;
readonly fatMass: number;
readonly shoulderWidth: number;
readonly torsoLength: number;
readonly armLength: number;
readonly legLength: number;
};
}
/**
* Calculate body thickness multiplier based on muscle mass and fat mass
*
* Uses linear scaling with reasonable limits to prevent "michelin man" effect.
* This matches the BodySurface calculation for consistency.
*
* @param muscleMass - Muscle mass in kg
* @param fatMass - Fat mass in kg
* @returns Body thickness multiplier (0.75 - 1.20)
*/
const calculateBodyThickness = (
muscleMass: number,
fatMass: number,
): number => {
const referenceMuscle = 35; // Reference: athletic build
const referenceFat = 12; // Reference: low body fat
// Linear scaling with limits (not square root which causes excessive inflation)
const muscleRatio = muscleMass / referenceMuscle;
const fatRatio = fatMass / referenceFat;
// Base 0.85, muscle adds up to +0.15, fat adds up to +0.20
const muscleContribution = (muscleRatio - 1.0) * 0.15;
const fatContribution = (fatRatio - 1.0) * 0.2;
// Cap at 1.20x maximum to prevent "michelin man" effect
return Math.max(
0.75,
Math.min(1.2, 0.85 + muscleContribution + fatContribution),
);
};
/**
* Get fabric preset based on clothing material type
*/
const getFabricPreset = (
material: ClothingMaterial,
): keyof typeof FABRIC_PRESETS => {
switch (material) {
case "fabric":
return "dobok";
case "tactical":
case "synthetic":
return "tactical";
case "leather":
case "armored":
return "leather";
case "cybernetic":
return "silk"; // Shiny synthetic look
default:
return "dobok";
}
};
/**
* Convert number color to hex string
*/
const numberToHex = (color: number): string => {
return `#${color.toString(16).padStart(6, "0")}`;
};
/**
* Get clothing attachments for a specific bone
*/
const getClothingForBone = (
boneName: string,
archetype: PlayerArchetype,
physicalAttributes: {
muscleMass: number;
fatMass: number;
shoulderWidth: number;
torsoLength: number;
armLength: number;
legLength: number;
},
): ClothingAttachment[] => {
const clothingSet = getArchetypeClothing(archetype);
const attachments: ClothingAttachment[] = [];
const bodyThickness = calculateBodyThickness(
physicalAttributes.muscleMass,
physicalAttributes.fatMass,
);
// Scaling factors
const torsoScale = physicalAttributes.torsoLength / 59;
const legScale = physicalAttributes.legLength / 96;
for (const item of clothingSet.items) {
const attachmentsForItem = getAttachmentsForItem(
item,
boneName,
bodyThickness,
torsoScale,
legScale,
physicalAttributes,
);
attachments.push(...attachmentsForItem);
}
return attachments;
};
/**
* Generate clothing attachments for a specific item on a bone
*/
const getAttachmentsForItem = (
item: ClothingItem,
boneName: string,
bodyThickness: number,
torsoScale: number,
legScale: number,
physicalAttributes: {
shoulderWidth: number;
armLength: number;
legLength: number;
},
): ClothingAttachment[] => {
const fitScaleMap: Record<string, number> = {
tight: 1.08,
fitted: 1.15,
loose: 1.25,
oversized: 1.4,
};
const fitScale = fitScaleMap[item.fit] ?? 1.15;
const attachments: ClothingAttachment[] = [];
switch (item.type) {
case "torso":
// Main torso on spine_middle - wraps fully around body
if (boneName === "spine_middle") {
const height = (59 / 100) * torsoScale * 1.2; // Using base torsoLength
// Clothing wraps around the torso using CylinderGeometry (full 360°)
const clothingThickness = CLOTHING_THICKNESS_FITTED * fitScale;
// Torso radius: average of shoulder width and pectorals depth
const torsoRadius =
((physicalAttributes.shoulderWidth / 100) * 0.5 * bodyThickness +
PECTORALS_RADIUS * bodyThickness) *
0.5;
const clothingRadius = calculateClothingRadius(
torsoRadius,
1.0, // bodyThickness already applied above
clothingThickness,
);
attachments.push({
geometry: new THREE.CylinderGeometry(
clothingRadius * 0.95, // Slightly narrower at top (chest taper)
clothingRadius * 1.05, // Slightly wider at bottom (waist)
height,
16, // Smooth cylinder
),
localOffset: new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0), // Centered on bone
localRotation: new THREE.Euler(0, 0, 0),
color: item.colorPrimary,
emissiveColor: item.colorEmissive,
emissiveIntensity: item.emissiveIntensity,
metalness: item.metalness,
roughness: item.roughness,
itemId: item.id,
});
}
// Sleeves
if (boneName === "upper_arm_L" || boneName === "upper_arm_R") {
// Uses centralized BICEP_RADIUS from bodyDimensions
// Clothing wraps around muscle, so offset outward
const clothingThickness = CLOTHING_THICKNESS_FITTED * fitScale;
const clothingRadius = calculateClothingRadius(
BICEP_RADIUS,
bodyThickness,
clothingThickness,
);
const upperArmLength = (physicalAttributes.armLength / 100) * 0.45;
attachments.push({
geometry: new THREE.CylinderGeometry(
clothingRadius * 1.05, // Slightly larger at top
clothingRadius * 0.95, // Tapers slightly
upperArmLength,
12,
),
localOffset: new THREE.Vector3(0, -upperArmLength * 0.4, 0),
localRotation: new THREE.Euler(0, 0, 0),
color: item.colorPrimary,
emissiveColor: item.colorEmissive,
emissiveIntensity: item.emissiveIntensity,
metalness: item.metalness,
roughness: item.roughness,
itemId: `${item.id}-sleeve-upper-${boneName}`,
});
}
if (boneName === "forearm_L" || boneName === "forearm_R") {
// Uses centralized FOREARM_RADIUS from bodyDimensions
// Clothing must be OUTSIDE, so use larger radius
const clothingThickness = CLOTHING_THICKNESS_FITTED * fitScale * 0.8;
const clothingRadius = calculateClothingRadius(
FOREARM_RADIUS,
bodyThickness,
clothingThickness,
);
const forearmLength = (physicalAttributes.armLength / 100) * 0.4;
attachments.push({
geometry: new THREE.CylinderGeometry(
clothingRadius * 0.98, // Slightly smaller at top
clothingRadius * 0.85, // Tapers toward wrist
forearmLength,
12,
),
localOffset: new THREE.Vector3(0, -forearmLength * 0.4, 0),
localRotation: new THREE.Euler(0, 0, 0),
color: item.colorPrimary,
emissiveColor: item.colorEmissive,
emissiveIntensity: item.emissiveIntensity,
metalness: item.metalness,
roughness: item.roughness,
itemId: `${item.id}-sleeve-forearm-${boneName}`,
});
}
break;
case "pants":
// Thigh segments
if (boneName === "thigh_L" || boneName === "thigh_R") {
// Uses centralized QUAD_RADIUS from bodyDimensions
// Clothing wraps around muscle, so offset outward
const clothingThickness = CLOTHING_THICKNESS_FITTED * fitScale * 1.3;
const clothingRadius = calculateClothingRadius(
QUAD_RADIUS,
bodyThickness,
clothingThickness,
);
const thighLength =
(physicalAttributes.legLength / 100) * legScale * 0.45;
attachments.push({
geometry: new THREE.CylinderGeometry(
clothingRadius * 1.08, // Larger at hip
clothingRadius * 0.92, // Tapers toward knee
thighLength,
16,
),
localOffset: new THREE.Vector3(0, -thighLength * 0.4, 0),
localRotation: new THREE.Euler(0, 0, 0),
color: item.colorPrimary,
emissiveColor: item.colorEmissive,
emissiveIntensity: item.emissiveIntensity,
metalness: item.metalness,
roughness: item.roughness,
itemId: `${item.id}-thigh-${boneName}`,
});
}
// Shin segments
if (boneName === "shin_L" || boneName === "shin_R") {
// Uses centralized CALF_RADIUS from bodyDimensions
// Clothing must be OUTSIDE, so use larger radius
const clothingThickness = CLOTHING_THICKNESS_FITTED * fitScale;
const clothingRadius = calculateClothingRadius(
CALF_RADIUS,
bodyThickness,
clothingThickness,
);
const shinLength =
(physicalAttributes.legLength / 100) * legScale * 0.42;
attachments.push({
geometry: new THREE.CylinderGeometry(
clothingRadius * 0.95, // Larger at knee
clothingRadius * 0.75, // Tapers toward ankle
shinLength,
16,
),
localOffset: new THREE.Vector3(0, -shinLength * 0.4, 0),
localRotation: new THREE.Euler(0, 0, 0),
color: item.colorPrimary,
emissiveColor: item.colorEmissive,
emissiveIntensity: item.emissiveIntensity,
metalness: item.metalness,
roughness: item.roughness,
itemId: `${item.id}-shin-${boneName}`,
});
}
break;
case "belt":
if (boneName === "pelvis") {
// Belt wraps fully around waist using CylinderGeometry
const clothingThickness = CLOTHING_THICKNESS_FITTED * fitScale;
const waistRadius = CORE_RADIUS * bodyThickness;
const beltRadius = calculateClothingRadius(
waistRadius,
1.0, // bodyThickness already applied
clothingThickness + 0.005, // Extra so belt sits outside clothing
);
attachments.push({
geometry: new THREE.CylinderGeometry(
beltRadius,
beltRadius,
0.06, // Belt height
16, // Smooth cylinder
),
localOffset: new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0), // Centered on bone
localRotation: new THREE.Euler(0, 0, 0),
color: item.colorPrimary,
emissiveColor: item.colorEmissive,
emissiveIntensity: item.emissiveIntensity,
metalness: item.metalness,
roughness: item.roughness,
itemId: item.id,
});
}
break;
case "vest":
if (boneName === "spine_middle") {
const height = (59 / 100) * 0.75 * torsoScale;
// Vest wraps fully around torso using CylinderGeometry
const clothingThickness = CLOTHING_THICKNESS_FITTED * fitScale;
// Vest sits slightly outside the torso clothing layer
const torsoRadius =
((physicalAttributes.shoulderWidth / 100) * 0.5 * bodyThickness +
(PECTORALS_RADIUS + 0.01) * bodyThickness) *
0.5;
const vestRadius = calculateClothingRadius(
torsoRadius,
1.0, // bodyThickness already applied
clothingThickness + 0.008, // Extra gap for layering over shirt
);
attachments.push({
geometry: new THREE.CylinderGeometry(
vestRadius * 0.97, // Slightly narrower at top
vestRadius * 1.03, // Slightly wider at bottom
height,
16, // Smooth cylinder
),
localOffset: new THREE.Vector3(0, 0, 0), // Centered on bone
localRotation: new THREE.Euler(0, 0, 0),
color: item.colorPrimary,
emissiveColor: item.colorEmissive,
emissiveIntensity: item.emissiveIntensity,
metalness: item.metalness,
roughness: item.roughness,
itemId: item.id,
});
}
break;
}
return attachments;
};
/**
* BoneClothing Component
*
* Renders clothing attached to a specific bone.
* Clothing inherits bone transformations automatically through the scene graph.
*
* @korean 뼈부착의류
*/
export const BoneClothing: React.FC<BoneClothingProps> = ({
boneName,
archetype,
physicalAttributes,
}) => {
// Default physical attributes if not provided - memoized to prevent new object on every render
const attrs = useMemo(
() =>
physicalAttributes ?? {
muscleMass: 35,
fatMass: 12,
shoulderWidth: 45,
torsoLength: 59,
armLength: 62,
legLength: 96,
},
[physicalAttributes],
);
// Get clothing attachments for this bone
const attachments = useMemo(
() => getClothingForBone(boneName, archetype, attrs),
[boneName, archetype, attrs],
);
// Get clothing set for fabric texture generation
const clothingSet = useMemo(
() => getArchetypeClothing(archetype),
[archetype],
);
/**
* Generate fabric textures for realistic dobok (도복) rendering
*
* Creates procedural weave patterns, normal maps, and roughness maps
* for enhanced cloth realism without external image assets.
*
* @korean 직물텍스처생성
*/
const fabricTextures = useMemo(() => {
// Generate textures for each unique clothing item
const textureMap = new Map<string, FabricTextureSet>();
for (const item of clothingSet.items) {
if (!textureMap.has(item.material)) {
const preset = getFabricPreset(item.material);
const colorHex = numberToHex(item.colorPrimary);
textureMap.set(
item.material,
generateFabricTextureSet(colorHex, preset),
);
}
}
return textureMap;
}, [clothingSet]);
// Cleanup fabric textures on unmount
useEffect(() => {
return () => {
fabricTextures.forEach((textureSet) => textureSet.dispose());
};
}, [fabricTextures]);
/**
* Create materials with advanced physical properties for realistic cloth rendering
*
* Enhanced with:
* - **Fabric textures**: Procedural weave patterns for dobok authenticity
* - **Normal maps**: Surface detail for thread texture visibility
* - **Roughness maps**: Realistic light scattering on fabric surface
* - Subsurface scattering: Light transmission through fabric for realism
* - Clearcoat: Surface depth and sheen for material quality
* - Double-sided rendering: Proper display when cloth folds
* - Physical properties: IOR, reflectivity for authentic appearance
*
* @korean 향상된물리재료생성
*/
const materials = useMemo(() => {
return attachments.map((attachment) => {
// Find the clothing item for this attachment to get its material type
const clothingItem = clothingSet.items.find((item) =>
attachment.itemId.startsWith(item.id),
);
const materialType = clothingItem?.material ?? "fabric";
const textureSet = fabricTextures.get(materialType);
// Create normal scale safely (Vector2 may not be available in test environments)
let normalScale: THREE.Vector2 | undefined;
try {
normalScale = new THREE.Vector2(0.3, 0.3);
} catch {
normalScale = undefined;
}
const mat = new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({
color: attachment.color,
// Apply fabric texture maps for realistic dobok appearance
map: textureSet?.colorMap ?? null,
normalMap: textureSet?.normalMap ?? null,
normalScale, // Subtle normal effect
roughnessMap: textureSet?.roughnessMap ?? null,
emissive: attachment.emissiveColor ?? 0x000000,
emissiveIntensity: attachment.emissiveIntensity ?? 0,
metalness: attachment.metalness ?? 0.1, // Lower metalness for fabric
roughness: attachment.roughness ?? 0.8, // Higher roughness for cloth
// Enhanced cloth realism with clearcoat for depth
clearcoat: 0.2,
clearcoatRoughness: 0.6,
// Subsurface scattering for realistic fabric translucency
// Subtle effect for cloth materials (not skin)
transmission: 0.03, // Minimal light transmission through fabric
thickness: 0.15, // Thin fabric thickness
ior: 1.4, // Index of refraction for fabric (lower than glass)
// Enable proper reflections
reflectivity: 0.2,
// Double-sided rendering for cloth that may fold
side: THREE.DoubleSide,
// Improved shading for folds
flatShading: false,
});
return mat;
});
}, [attachments, clothingSet, fabricTextures]);
// Cleanup materials on unmount
useEffect(() => {
return () => {
materials.forEach((mat) => mat.dispose());
};
}, [materials]);
// Cleanup geometries on unmount
useEffect(() => {
return () => {
attachments.forEach((attachment) => {
attachment.geometry.dispose();
});
};
}, [attachments]);
if (attachments.length === 0) {
return null;
}
return (
<>
{attachments.map((attachment, index) => (
<mesh
key={attachment.itemId}
geometry={attachment.geometry}
material={materials[index]}
position={attachment.localOffset.toArray()}
rotation={[
attachment.localRotation.x,
attachment.localRotation.y,
attachment.localRotation.z,
]}
castShadow
receiveShadow
name={`clothing-${attachment.itemId}`}
/>
))}
</>
);
};
export default BoneClothing;
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