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* Procedural fabric texture generation for realistic clothing
*
* **Korean**: 절차적 직물 텍스처 (Procedural Fabric Textures)
*
* Generates canvas-based textures for realistic dobok (도복) martial arts
* uniform rendering without external image assets. Uses Three.js CanvasTexture
* for efficient GPU-based texture mapping.
*
* **Features**:
* - Procedural weave patterns for fabric realism
* - Normal maps for surface detail and depth
* - Roughness maps for material variation
* - Memory-safe with proper cleanup
*
* @module utils/fabricTextures
* @category Visual Effects
* @korean 직물텍스처유틸
*/
import * as THREE from "three";
/**
* Fabric texture configuration
*/
export interface FabricTextureConfig {
/** Base color for the fabric */
readonly baseColor: string;
/** Weave pattern density (higher = finer weave) */
readonly weaveDensity: number;
/** Texture resolution (power of 2 recommended) */
readonly resolution: number;
/** Thread variation intensity (0-1) */
readonly threadVariation: number;
/** Whether to generate normal map */
readonly generateNormalMap: boolean;
/** Whether to generate roughness map */
readonly generateRoughnessMap: boolean;
}
/**
* Generated fabric texture set
*/
export interface FabricTextureSet {
/** Color/diffuse map */
readonly colorMap: THREE.CanvasTexture;
/** Normal map for surface detail (optional) */
readonly normalMap?: THREE.CanvasTexture;
/** Roughness map for material variation (optional) */
readonly roughnessMap?: THREE.CanvasTexture;
/** Cleanup function to dispose all textures */
readonly dispose: () => void;
}
/**
* Default fabric texture configurations for different materials
*/
export const FABRIC_PRESETS: Record<string, Partial<FabricTextureConfig>> = {
/** Traditional cotton dobok (도복) */
dobok: {
weaveDensity: 32,
threadVariation: 0.15,
resolution: 256,
generateNormalMap: true,
generateRoughnessMap: true,
},
/** Tactical synthetic fabric */
tactical: {
weaveDensity: 48,
threadVariation: 0.08,
resolution: 256,
generateNormalMap: true,
generateRoughnessMap: true,
},
/** Leather material */
leather: {
weaveDensity: 16,
threadVariation: 0.25,
resolution: 256,
generateNormalMap: true,
generateRoughnessMap: false,
},
/** Silk/satin material */
silk: {
weaveDensity: 64,
threadVariation: 0.05,
resolution: 256,
generateNormalMap: true,
generateRoughnessMap: true,
},
};
/**
* Convert hex color to RGB components
*/
const hexToRgb = (hex: string): { r: number; g: number; b: number } => {
const result = /^#?([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})$/i.exec(hex);
return result
? {
r: parseInt(result[1], 16),
g: parseInt(result[2], 16),
b: parseInt(result[3], 16),
}
: { r: 128, g: 128, b: 128 };
};
/**
* Simple seeded random for reproducible textures
*/
const seededRandom = (seed: number): number => {
const x = Math.sin(seed) * 10000;
return x - Math.floor(x);
};
/**
* Check if we're in a browser environment with canvas support
*/
const canCreateCanvas = (): boolean => {
Iif (typeof document === "undefined") return false;
try {
const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
return canvas.getContext("2d") !== null;
} catch {
return false;
}
};
/**
* Create a fallback texture for test environments
* Uses a minimal texture that works in all environments
*/
const createFallbackTexture = (): THREE.CanvasTexture => {
// In test environments, THREE mocks may not have all features
// Create a minimal mock that satisfies the interface
try {
const data = new Uint8Array([128, 128, 128, 255]);
const dataTexture = new THREE.DataTexture(data, 1, 1, THREE.RGBAFormat);
dataTexture.needsUpdate = true;
return dataTexture as unknown as THREE.CanvasTexture;
} catch {
// Ultimate fallback - create a minimal mock texture object
// Use numeric constants instead of THREE constants for test compatibility
const mockTexture = {
dispose: () => {},
needsUpdate: true,
wrapS: 1000, // THREE.RepeatWrapping value
wrapT: 1000,
repeat: { set: () => {} },
uuid: "mock-fabric-texture",
isTexture: true,
};
return mockTexture as unknown as THREE.CanvasTexture;
}
};
/**
* Generate a procedural fabric weave color map
*
* Creates a canvas-based texture with realistic thread patterns
* simulating woven fabric like cotton dobok material.
*
* @param config - Fabric texture configuration
* @returns CanvasTexture with weave pattern
*
* @korean 직물색상맵생성
*/
export const generateFabricColorMap = (
config: FabricTextureConfig,
): THREE.CanvasTexture => {
// Return fallback for test environments without canvas support
Eif (!canCreateCanvas()) {
return createFallbackTexture();
}
const { baseColor, weaveDensity, resolution, threadVariation } = config;
const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
canvas.width = resolution;
canvas.height = resolution;
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
if (!ctx) {
return createFallbackTexture();
}
const rgb = hexToRgb(baseColor);
// Fill base color
ctx.fillStyle = baseColor;
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, resolution, resolution);
// Create weave pattern
const threadWidth = resolution / weaveDensity;
// Horizontal threads (weft)
for (let y = 0; y < weaveDensity; y++) {
const yPos = y * threadWidth;
const variation = (seededRandom(y * 17) - 0.5) * threadVariation * 255;
const r = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, rgb.r + variation));
const g = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, rgb.g + variation));
const b = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, rgb.b + variation));
ctx.fillStyle = `rgb(${r}, ${g}, ${b})`;
// Draw thread with slight offset pattern
for (let x = 0; x < weaveDensity; x++) {
const xPos = x * threadWidth;
// Alternating over/under pattern
if ((x + y) % 2 === 0) {
ctx.fillRect(xPos, yPos, threadWidth * 0.95, threadWidth * 0.45);
}
}
}
// Vertical threads (warp)
for (let x = 0; x < weaveDensity; x++) {
const xPos = x * threadWidth;
const variation = (seededRandom(x * 31) - 0.5) * threadVariation * 255;
const r = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, rgb.r + variation * 0.8));
const g = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, rgb.g + variation * 0.8));
const b = Math.max(0, Math.min(255, rgb.b + variation * 0.8));
ctx.fillStyle = `rgb(${r}, ${g}, ${b})`;
for (let y = 0; y < weaveDensity; y++) {
const yPos = y * threadWidth;
// Opposite pattern for weave effect
if ((x + y) % 2 === 1) {
ctx.fillRect(xPos, yPos, threadWidth * 0.45, threadWidth * 0.95);
}
}
}
const texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);
texture.wrapS = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.repeat.set(4, 4); // Tile the texture
texture.needsUpdate = true;
return texture;
};
/**
* Generate a normal map for fabric surface detail
*
* Creates subtle bumps and ridges that simulate thread
* texture on the fabric surface for enhanced realism.
*
* @param config - Fabric texture configuration
* @returns CanvasTexture normal map
*
* @korean 법선맵생성
*/
export const generateFabricNormalMap = (
config: FabricTextureConfig,
): THREE.CanvasTexture => {
// Return fallback for test environments without canvas support
Eif (!canCreateCanvas()) {
return createFallbackTexture();
}
const { weaveDensity, resolution } = config;
const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
canvas.width = resolution;
canvas.height = resolution;
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
if (!ctx) {
return createFallbackTexture();
}
// Neutral normal (pointing straight out)
ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(128, 128, 255)";
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, resolution, resolution);
const threadWidth = resolution / weaveDensity;
// Create normal variations for weave pattern
for (let y = 0; y < weaveDensity; y++) {
for (let x = 0; x < weaveDensity; x++) {
const xPos = x * threadWidth;
const yPos = y * threadWidth;
// Create subtle normal variation based on weave position
if ((x + y) % 2 === 0) {
// Horizontal thread - slight upward normal
ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(128, 140, 255)";
ctx.fillRect(xPos, yPos, threadWidth * 0.9, threadWidth * 0.4);
} else {
// Vertical thread - slight rightward normal
ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(140, 128, 255)";
ctx.fillRect(xPos, yPos, threadWidth * 0.4, threadWidth * 0.9);
}
// Thread edge highlights
const edgeIntensity = 20;
ctx.fillStyle = `rgb(${128 + edgeIntensity}, ${128 + edgeIntensity}, 255)`;
ctx.fillRect(xPos, yPos, threadWidth * 0.1, threadWidth);
ctx.fillRect(xPos, yPos, threadWidth, threadWidth * 0.1);
}
}
const texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);
texture.wrapS = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.repeat.set(4, 4);
texture.needsUpdate = true;
return texture;
};
/**
* Generate a roughness map for fabric material variation
*
* Creates subtle roughness variations that simulate the
* different reflective properties of woven threads.
*
* @param config - Fabric texture configuration
* @returns CanvasTexture roughness map
*
* @korean 거칠기맵생성
*/
export const generateFabricRoughnessMap = (
config: FabricTextureConfig,
): THREE.CanvasTexture => {
// Return fallback for test environments without canvas support
Eif (!canCreateCanvas()) {
return createFallbackTexture();
}
const { weaveDensity, resolution, threadVariation } = config;
const canvas = document.createElement("canvas");
canvas.width = resolution;
canvas.height = resolution;
const ctx = canvas.getContext("2d");
if (!ctx) {
return createFallbackTexture();
}
// Base roughness (white = rough, black = smooth)
ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(180, 180, 180)";
ctx.fillRect(0, 0, resolution, resolution);
const threadWidth = resolution / weaveDensity;
// Create roughness variation for weave pattern
for (let y = 0; y < weaveDensity; y++) {
for (let x = 0; x < weaveDensity; x++) {
const xPos = x * threadWidth;
const yPos = y * threadWidth;
// Random roughness variation per thread
const variation = seededRandom(x * 13 + y * 29) * threadVariation * 50;
const roughness = Math.max(128, Math.min(230, 180 + variation));
ctx.fillStyle = `rgb(${roughness}, ${roughness}, ${roughness})`;
ctx.fillRect(xPos, yPos, threadWidth * 0.9, threadWidth * 0.9);
// Thread gaps are slightly smoother
ctx.fillStyle = "rgb(160, 160, 160)";
ctx.fillRect(
xPos + threadWidth * 0.9,
yPos,
threadWidth * 0.1,
threadWidth,
);
ctx.fillRect(
xPos,
yPos + threadWidth * 0.9,
threadWidth,
threadWidth * 0.1,
);
}
}
const texture = new THREE.CanvasTexture(canvas);
texture.wrapS = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.wrapT = THREE.RepeatWrapping;
texture.repeat.set(4, 4);
texture.needsUpdate = true;
return texture;
};
/**
* Generate complete fabric texture set with all maps
*
* Creates a set of textures (color, normal, roughness) for
* realistic fabric rendering with proper memory management.
*
* @param baseColor - Base color for the fabric (hex string)
* @param preset - Preset name or custom config
* @returns FabricTextureSet with all generated textures
*
* @example
* ```typescript
* const textures = generateFabricTextureSet("#2d2d2d", "dobok");
*
* const material = new THREE.MeshPhysicalMaterial({
* map: textures.colorMap,
* normalMap: textures.normalMap,
* roughnessMap: textures.roughnessMap,
* });
*
* // Cleanup when done
* textures.dispose();
* ```
*
* @korean 완전직물텍스처세트생성
*/
export const generateFabricTextureSet = (
baseColor: string,
preset: keyof typeof FABRIC_PRESETS | Partial<FabricTextureConfig> = "dobok",
): FabricTextureSet => {
// Merge preset with defaults
const presetConfig =
typeof preset === "string" ? FABRIC_PRESETS[preset] : preset;
const config: FabricTextureConfig = {
baseColor,
weaveDensity: presetConfig?.weaveDensity ?? 32,
resolution: presetConfig?.resolution ?? 256,
threadVariation: presetConfig?.threadVariation ?? 0.15,
generateNormalMap: presetConfig?.generateNormalMap ?? true,
generateRoughnessMap: presetConfig?.generateRoughnessMap ?? true,
};
// Generate textures
const colorMap = generateFabricColorMap(config);
const normalMap = config.generateNormalMap
? generateFabricNormalMap(config)
: undefined;
const roughnessMap = config.generateRoughnessMap
? generateFabricRoughnessMap(config)
: undefined;
// Cleanup function
const dispose = () => {
colorMap.dispose();
normalMap?.dispose();
roughnessMap?.dispose();
};
return {
colorMap,
normalMap,
roughnessMap,
dispose,
};
};
/**
* Pre-defined dobok colors for Korean martial arts uniforms
*/
export const DOBOK_COLORS = {
/** Traditional white dobok (흰 도복) */
WHITE: "#f5f5f5",
/** Black dobok for masters (검정 도복) */
BLACK: "#1a1a1a",
/** Navy blue tactical (남색) */
NAVY: "#1a2744",
/** Traditional Korean gray (회색) */
GRAY: "#2d2d2d",
/** Dark red for elite (암적색) */
DARK_RED: "#4a1a1a",
/** Cyber cyan accent */
CYBER_CYAN: "#003333",
} as const;
export default generateFabricTextureSet;
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