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* Body Facing Direction System for Black Trigram
*
* Manages automatic character rotation to face opponent with:
* - Smooth torso rotation at 45°/sec (±90° range)
* - Independent head tracking (±45° range)
* - 180° turn animations for repositioning
* - Facing lock during attack/defend animations
*
* Korean terminology:
* - 정면향하기 (Jeongmyeon Hyanghagi) - Face forward
* - 몸회전 (Mom Hoejeon) - Body rotation
* - 머리추적 (Meori Chujok) - Head tracking
* - 180도회전 (180-do Hoejeon) - 180-degree turn
*
* @module systems/animation/BodyFacingSystem
* @category Animation System
* @korean 몸향하기시스템
*/
import { Position } from "@/types";
import type { BodyFacing } from "./types";
/**
* Default rotation speed in degrees per second
* 45°/sec provides smooth, realistic rotation
*
* @korean 기본회전속도
*/
export const DEFAULT_ROTATION_SPEED = 45;
/**
* Maximum torso rotation range in degrees
* Torso can rotate ±90° from facing direction
*
* @korean 최대몸통회전
*/
export const MAX_TORSO_ROTATION = 90;
/**
* Maximum head rotation offset in degrees
* Head can track independently ±45° from torso
*
* @korean 최대머리회전
*/
export const MAX_HEAD_ROTATION = 45;
/**
* Threshold angle for triggering 180° turn animation
* If angle difference exceeds this, play full turn animation
*
* @korean 180도회전기준각도
*/
export const TURN_THRESHOLD_ANGLE = 90;
/**
* Duration of 180° turn animation in milliseconds
* 12 frames at 60fps = 200ms
*
* @korean 회전애니메이션시간
*/
export const TURN_ANIMATION_DURATION = 200;
/**
* Head tracking smoothing factor (0-1)
* Lower values = smoother but slower head tracking
* 0.1 = smooth, natural head movement
*
* @korean 머리추적부드러움
*/
export const HEAD_TRACKING_SMOOTHING = 0.1;
/**
* Normalizes an angle to 0-360 degree range
*
* @param angle - Angle in degrees
* @returns Normalized angle in 0-360 range
*
* @example
* ```typescript
* normalizeAngle(370); // Returns 10
* normalizeAngle(-30); // Returns 330
* ```
*
* @public
* @korean 각도정규화
*/
export function normalizeAngle(angle: number): number {
let normalized = angle % 360;
if (normalized < 0) {
normalized += 360;
}
// Handle -0 edge case (JavaScript quirk)
return normalized === 0 ? 0 : normalized;
}
/**
* Calculates the shortest angular difference between two angles
* Returns value in range [-180, 180]
* - Positive = clockwise rotation
* - Negative = counter-clockwise rotation
*
* @param from - Starting angle in degrees
* @param to - Target angle in degrees
* @returns Shortest angular difference in degrees
*
* @example
* ```typescript
* calculateAngleDifference(10, 350); // Returns -20 (turn left)
* calculateAngleDifference(350, 10); // Returns 20 (turn right)
* calculateAngleDifference(0, 180); // Returns 180
* ```
*
* @public
* @korean 각도차이계산
*/
export function calculateAngleDifference(from: number, to: number): number {
const fromNorm = normalizeAngle(from);
const toNorm = normalizeAngle(to);
let diff = toNorm - fromNorm;
// Find shortest path
if (diff > 180) {
diff -= 360;
} else if (diff < -180) {
diff += 360;
}
return diff;
}
/**
* Calculates angle from one position to another
* Returns angle in degrees (0-360)
* - 0° = pointing right (+X)
* - 90° = pointing down (+Z)
* - 180° = pointing left (-X)
* - 270° = pointing up (-Z)
*
* @param from - Starting position
* @param to - Target position
* @returns Angle in degrees
*
* @example
* ```typescript
* calculateAngleToTarget({ x: 0, y: 0 }, { x: 1, y: 0 }); // Returns 0° (right)
* calculateAngleToTarget({ x: 0, y: 0 }, { x: 0, y: 1 }); // Returns 90° (down)
* ```
*
* @public
* @korean 목표각도계산
*/
export function calculateAngleToTarget(from: Position, to: Position): number {
const dx = to.x - from.x;
const dz = to.y - from.y; // Position.y is Z coordinate in 2D top-down
// atan2 returns angle in radians, convert to degrees
// atan2(y, x) where y is forward/back (Z), x is left/right (X)
const angle = Math.atan2(dz, dx) * (180 / Math.PI);
return normalizeAngle(angle);
}
/**
* Linear interpolation between two values
*
* @param start - Start value
* @param end - End value
* @param t - Interpolation factor (0-1)
* @returns Interpolated value
*
* @private
* @korean 선형보간
*/
function lerp(start: number, end: number, t: number): number {
return start + (end - start) * t;
}
/**
* Creates default body facing state
*
* @param initialAngle - Initial facing angle in degrees (default: 0)
* @returns Default BodyFacing state
*
* @public
* @korean 기본몸향하기생성
*/
export function createDefaultBodyFacing(initialAngle = 0): BodyFacing {
const initialRadians = (initialAngle * Math.PI) / 180;
return {
currentAngle: normalizeAngle(initialAngle),
targetAngle: normalizeAngle(initialAngle),
rotationSpeed: DEFAULT_ROTATION_SPEED,
headAngleOffset: 0,
isLocked: false,
isTurning: false,
torsoRotation: 0, // No initial torso twist
hipRotation: initialRadians, // Hips aligned with current angle
};
}
/**
* Updates body facing direction with smooth rotation
*
* Performs smooth rotation toward target angle at specified speed.
* Handles:
* - Rotation locking during attacks
* - 180° turn animation triggering
* - Head tracking with independent offset
* - Smooth interpolation at 45°/sec
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @param targetAngle - Desired facing angle in degrees
* @param deltaTime - Time elapsed since last update in seconds
* @param currentTime - Current timestamp in milliseconds
* @returns Updated body facing state
*
* @example
* ```typescript
* const facing = createDefaultBodyFacing(0);
* const updated = updateBodyFacing(facing, 90, 0.016, Date.now());
* // Rotates ~0.72° toward 90° (45°/sec * 0.016s)
* ```
*
* @public
* @korean 몸향하기업데이트
*/
export function updateBodyFacing(
facing: BodyFacing,
targetAngle: number,
deltaTime: number,
currentTime: number
): BodyFacing {
// If locked, no rotation allowed
if (facing.isLocked) {
return facing;
}
// Check if 180° turn animation is in progress
if (facing.isTurning && facing.turnStartTime) {
const elapsed = currentTime - facing.turnStartTime;
if (elapsed >= TURN_ANIMATION_DURATION) {
// Turn animation complete - snap to target angle
return {
...facing,
currentAngle: normalizeAngle(targetAngle),
targetAngle: normalizeAngle(targetAngle),
headAngleOffset: 0,
isTurning: false,
turnDirection: undefined,
turnStartTime: undefined,
};
}
// Still turning - don't update angle yet
return {
...facing,
targetAngle: normalizeAngle(targetAngle),
};
}
// Calculate angle difference
const angleDiff = calculateAngleDifference(facing.currentAngle, targetAngle);
// Check if 180° turn is needed
if (Math.abs(angleDiff) > TURN_THRESHOLD_ANGLE && !facing.isTurning) {
// Trigger 180° turn animation
return {
...facing,
targetAngle: normalizeAngle(targetAngle),
isTurning: true,
turnDirection: angleDiff > 0 ? 'right' : 'left',
turnStartTime: currentTime,
};
}
// Calculate maximum rotation for this frame
const maxRotation = facing.rotationSpeed * deltaTime;
// Calculate actual rotation (limited by max rotation)
const rotation = Math.sign(angleDiff) * Math.min(Math.abs(angleDiff), maxRotation);
// Update current angle
const newCurrentAngle = normalizeAngle(facing.currentAngle + rotation);
// Update head tracking (±45° range independent of torso)
// Head smoothly tracks toward target within allowed range
const remainingDiff = calculateAngleDifference(newCurrentAngle, targetAngle);
const targetHeadOffset = Math.max(
-MAX_HEAD_ROTATION,
Math.min(MAX_HEAD_ROTATION, remainingDiff)
);
const newHeadOffset = lerp(
facing.headAngleOffset,
targetHeadOffset,
HEAD_TRACKING_SMOOTHING
);
return {
...facing,
currentAngle: newCurrentAngle,
targetAngle: normalizeAngle(targetAngle),
headAngleOffset: newHeadOffset,
};
}
/**
* Updates facing direction to point toward opponent
*
* Calculates target angle based on opponent position and updates
* body facing state with smooth rotation.
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @param playerPosition - Player's current position
* @param opponentPosition - Opponent's current position
* @param deltaTime - Time elapsed since last update in seconds
* @param currentTime - Current timestamp in milliseconds
* @returns Updated body facing state
*
* @example
* ```typescript
* const updated = updateFacingTowardOpponent(
* facing,
* { x: 100, y: 200 },
* { x: 300, y: 200 },
* 0.016,
* Date.now()
* );
* // Faces toward opponent (pointing right in this case)
* ```
*
* @public
* @korean 상대방향하기업데이트
*/
export function updateFacingTowardOpponent(
facing: BodyFacing,
playerPosition: Position,
opponentPosition: Position,
deltaTime: number,
currentTime: number
): BodyFacing {
const targetAngle = calculateAngleToTarget(playerPosition, opponentPosition);
return updateBodyFacing(facing, targetAngle, deltaTime, currentTime);
}
/**
* Locks facing direction (during attacks/defends)
*
* Prevents rotation while attack or defend animation is playing.
* Maintains current facing angle.
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns Updated body facing state with lock enabled
*
* @public
* @korean 회전잠금
*/
export function lockFacing(facing: BodyFacing): BodyFacing {
return {
...facing,
isLocked: true,
};
}
/**
* Unlocks facing direction (after attacks/defends complete)
*
* Allows rotation to resume after attack or defend animation completes.
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns Updated body facing state with lock disabled
*
* @public
* @korean 회전잠금해제
*/
export function unlockFacing(facing: BodyFacing): BodyFacing {
return {
...facing,
isLocked: false,
};
}
/**
* Checks if character is currently turning (180° animation)
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns True if 180° turn animation is in progress
*
* @public
* @korean 회전중확인
*/
export function isTurning(facing: BodyFacing): boolean {
return facing.isTurning;
}
/**
* Gets current facing angle in radians
* Useful for Three.js rotation (expects radians)
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns Current facing angle in radians
*
* @public
* @korean 라디안각도
*/
export function getFacingAngleRadians(facing: BodyFacing): number {
return (facing.currentAngle * Math.PI) / 180;
}
/**
* Gets head angle in radians including offset
* Combines torso rotation with head tracking offset
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns Head rotation angle in radians
*
* @public
* @korean 머리각도라디안
*/
export function getHeadAngleRadians(facing: BodyFacing): number {
const totalAngle = facing.currentAngle + facing.headAngleOffset;
return (totalAngle * Math.PI) / 180;
}
/**
* Gets torso rotation in radians
* Returns the torso rotation relative to hips
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns Torso rotation in radians (defaults to 0 if not set)
*
* @public
* @korean 허리회전라디안
*/
export function getTorsoRotationRadians(facing: BodyFacing): number {
return facing.torsoRotation ?? 0;
}
/**
* Gets hip rotation in radians
* Returns the hip/pelvis base rotation
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns Hip rotation in radians
*
* @public
* @korean 골반회전라디안
*/
export function getHipRotationRadians(facing: BodyFacing): number {
return facing.hipRotation ?? getFacingAngleRadians(facing);
}
/**
* Body Facing System singleton for managing character rotation
*
* Provides centralized system for body facing calculations and updates.
*
* @public
* @korean 몸향하기시스템
*/
export class BodyFacingSystem {
/**
* Creates default body facing state for a new player
*
* @param initialAngle - Initial facing angle in degrees
* @returns Default body facing state
*
* @public
* @korean 기본상태생성
*/
createDefaultState(initialAngle = 0): BodyFacing {
return createDefaultBodyFacing(initialAngle);
}
/**
* Updates body facing with opponent tracking
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @param playerPosition - Player position
* @param opponentPosition - Opponent position
* @param deltaTime - Delta time in seconds
* @param currentTime - Current timestamp
* @returns Updated body facing state
*
* @public
* @korean 업데이트
*/
update(
facing: BodyFacing,
playerPosition: Position,
opponentPosition: Position,
deltaTime: number,
currentTime: number
): BodyFacing {
return updateFacingTowardOpponent(
facing,
playerPosition,
opponentPosition,
deltaTime,
currentTime
);
}
/**
* Locks facing during attacks
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns Updated state with lock
*
* @public
* @korean 잠금
*/
lock(facing: BodyFacing): BodyFacing {
return lockFacing(facing);
}
/**
* Unlocks facing after attacks
*
* @param facing - Current body facing state
* @returns Updated state without lock
*
* @public
* @korean 잠금해제
*/
unlock(facing: BodyFacing): BodyFacing {
return unlockFacing(facing);
}
}
/**
* Default body facing system instance
*
* @public
* @korean 기본몸향하기시스템
*/
export const bodyFacingSystem = new BodyFacingSystem();
export default bodyFacingSystem;
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